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Clinical-Medical Image - International Journal of Clinical & Medical Images (2022) Volume 9, Issue 10
Author(s): Davis Poe*
Department of Radiology, Kansas City University, Kansas City, USA
Date of Submission: 03 October 2022, Manuscript No. ijcmi-23-88665; Editor assigned: 05 October 2022, Pre QC No. P-88665; Reviewed: 18 October 2022, QC No. Q-88665; Revised: 21 October 2022, Manuscript No. R-88665; Published: 28 October 2022, DOI: 10.4172/2376-0249.1000853
Citation: Poe D. (2022) Neuroimaging by Magnetic Resonance. Int J Clin Med Imaging 9:853.
Copyright: © 2022 Poe D. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Magnetic resonance imaging analysis was conducted on all subjects. It was performed using a 1.5 Tesla scanner (Magnetom Aera; Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 91052 Erlangen, Germany) with the 16-channel acquisition coil. The patients were placed in the supine position, and the head was safely placed in the head coil for fixation to avoid motion artifacts.
The standardized protocol included the following sequences: three-dimensional flash T1, 3D fluid-attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR), coronal T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted image (DWI), and susceptibility-weighted image (SWI). The DWI protocol was performed using the following parameters: a repetition time of 4000 ms; an echo time of 86 ms; and a slice thickness of 5 mm. Automatically generated apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were subsequently reviewed.
Two board-certified neuroradiologists blinded to patient characteristics, electrical cardio version procedures, or laboratory findings evaluated the MRI scans. According to the adaptation of the standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging, we analyzed the following brain lesions on the 3D FLAIR sequence: small noncortical infarcts (SNCIs), large noncortical infarcts (LNCIs), cortical infarcts, hyperintense white matter lesions (WMLs), and microbleeds (MBs). SNCIs included lesions that were hyperintense on FLAIR sequence without involving the cortex because of their location in the territory of the perforating arteriole. LNCIs were defined as infarcts larger than 20 mm and sparing the cortex. Cortical infarcts include lesions involving the cortex. Large noncortical and cortical infarcts were analyzed as one group (LNCCIs). The WMLs are those lesions that do not meet the previously mentioned criteria for infarctions and are graded according to the Fazekas scale. MBs were defined by susceptibility-weighted imaging as punctate or nodular hyper intensities on phase images. Acute ischemic lesions were identified as DWI hyper intensities with the corresponding hypo intensities on ADC maps. All study subjects underwent baseline magnetic resonance imaging, while the AF patients underwent additional magnetic resonance imaging (6 weeks after the electrical cardioversion) [1-3].
Neuroimaging; Magnetic resonance; MRI
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